A rotating tube mixer turns sample tubes end over end or at a set tilt, so contents mix by tube motion instead of vortex shaking. Speed ranges from 6 to 80 rpm across models. Some models run at a fixed speed. Plate or swing angle goes up to 90 degrees on several models, and 3D models add a swing motion. Timer or continuous run, forward and reverse rotation, and horizontal or vertical rotation vary by model. Tube frames hold small 0.5 mL tubes up to 50 mL tubes. Operating range is 5 to 40 C on several models. Molecular biology, clinical diagnostic and biochemical research labs use these mixers for blood tube mixing, protein binding and immunoprecipitation.